Estimate a child's IQ based on parental IQ using Galton's regression to the mean. Understand the role of genetics and environment in intelligence.
Average
Average
Research suggests heritability is ~50% in childhood, ~60-80% in adulthood.
In the 1880s, Francis Galton discovered that children of exceptional parents tend to be less exceptional, while children of below-average parents tend to be less below-average. He called this "regression to mediocrity" (now called regression to the mean).
Research on identical twins raised apart shows that IQ has a strong genetic component (50-80% heritability). However, heritability increases with age: children's IQ is more influenced by environment, while adult IQ is more influenced by genetics.
IQ scores have risen about 3 points per decade throughout the 20th century. This shows that environmental factors (nutrition, education, familiarity with testing) can significantly impact IQ at a population level.
No. While genetics play a significant role (50-80% heritability), environment, education, nutrition, and socioeconomic factors also substantially impact IQ.
Yes, but it's uncommon. Genetic recombination can produce children outside the expected range. The calculator shows probabilities, not certainties.
Extreme scores result from favorable combinations of many genetic and environmental factors. Children don't inherit all the same combinations, so scores tend toward average.