Intelligence, cognitive style, and psychological comparison
Prime Minister
Anti-Apartheid Revolutionary
High Verbal IQ and resilience to depression ("The Black Dog"). Thrived in chaos.
Extraordinary emotional regulation under injustice. High agreeableness without submission—firm values with long-term strategy.
Historical IQ estimates are approximations based on documented achievements, contemporary accounts, and cognitive analysis. They should be viewed as educated estimates rather than definitive measurements. Both Winston Churchill and Nelson Mandela achieved remarkable things in their respective domains, and raw IQ alone doesn't capture the full picture of their intelligence and impact.
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